The conditioned reflex model detects the behavior of experimental animals during punishment periods and non-punishment periods, integrating rewards and punishments into the same behavioral sequence. This places the animals in a contradictory situation of "wanting (the reward) yet fearing (the punishment)"; such "approach-avoidance conflict" is key to inducing anxiety, and the experiment reflects changes in the animals' anxious emotions. It is a classic and widely used model, including the water drinking conflict model and the Geller-Seifter conflict model.
